Saturday, July 19, 2014

Rice Transplantation (Ropai)

A photo feature of Rice Transplantation this season (2071) in my own field! Happy to finish transplanting the rice in time unlike majority of farmers in Nepal. In Nepal majority of land is rainfed, which is a big hurdle for farmers! This year particularly, late monsoon has hit farmers and hit hard.
Looking for the silver lining! Hope one day we, the farmers do not need to rely on the blessings of almighty for the cultivation of land.
Here are some clicks... 


Hope of the farmer shines brighter than the sun does! 


Let the sun shine! 

He drives! He is studying 3 yr veterinary training yet labors hard.. take a bow boy!

mirror image

Cirrus cloud is what farmers won't like to see in the month of June/July in the context where majority of land is rain-fed!  


the tractor goes round and round! 

finishing the land! thanks to Farm Mechanisation!

Here we go! Lets plant!

Our friends from terai Nepal help us transplant the rice seedlings! 

Oh Gosh! they plant faster than machine I tell you!

some field are green some waiting for their turn! 

Let finish it boys! 

Saturday, June 28, 2014

Oh Rain!



With this rain comes ecstasy n joy
Cools the heat off all the way

Its the month of June time we sow
Together we plant rice in a row
The pattering of rain and rustling of leaves
Also we apply manures in heaves

Spade on the shoulder n hoe to the field
Drench soil with sweat expecting high yield
The aroma of soil and musk of field 
Soothe the farmers pain and wound it heals

A grain he sows yields a ton
Its a high time for a farmer to run
With this rain comes ecstasy n joy
Cools the heat off all the way


Wednesday, June 4, 2014

Not just another day!

June 5 is not just another day. 
Every year we from all over the globe celebrate “World Environment Day” to make sure that we care about environment.
In support of the UN designation of 2014 as the International Year of Small Island Developing States (SIDS), World Environment Day this year is being celebrated with a theme 
“Raise your voice, not the sea Level”.
In the present scenario where ours only planet is warming and sea level is rising, small islands are more prone to the disasters. Climate Change is fueling the risk and making life difficult.
Mother Earth is the only planet to live in and we all have the responsibility to care about it. Every steps we take no matter how small, adds to make it a leap. Cleaning campaigns, planting of trees, reduce-reuse-recycle initiatives, social media campaigns, art exhibitions and many other activities can influence a lot towards the better and sustainable future.


Lets do something, anything but something.
Lets celebrate #WED2014 #WorldEnvironmentDay


"Planet Earth is our shared island, let us join forces to protect it" - UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon

Thursday, February 13, 2014

Lets Love!

What do you think love is? 

You don't really to think about it. 

I believe love is not something to think about or find out the definition or even analyse its pros or cons and whatever. Love is what you feel and how you feel.
Early morning you wake up alone in your bed and wish yours soulmate was with you, whom you would kiss a good morning and start your day with a delightful smile. You cook something to eat and before you even taste it you might want yours mate to have a share of it. You feel tired and suddenly you see her smile in front of you and your tiredness vanishes in air. You feel low and feel like crying you hold her hand, put head on her shoulder and you feel the ease in your heart.
Eternal are the feelings one can feel while in love.
Lets love each other such that no abhorrence exist.. Lets love each other such that there is no pain like one’s own pain but ours. Lets share the feeling. Lets help each other fight the problems rise above and smile. Lets smile together and we can win over all the frowns of the globe. Lets love each other that there is always peace and no threadline misunderstanding. Let win over the melancholy and spread the elation. Lets love and get the salvation. 

Lets share..

Love ain't a gift but a blessing. We need not be together holding ours hands to be in love. We dont have to be talking for hours and hours to feel its warmth. Distance ain't a problem in love for sure rather it hones. Love in fact shortens the distance and brings us together. We might not talk for days sometimes week but love never fades. Its charisma remains unfaded for ever and ever.

Lets love!!! 




Thursday, February 6, 2014

Let's Write

Jan 30th, 2014
Let's Write

Pretty excited, woke up earlier than usual. Had a nice reason to be excited for sure. I was scheduled to attend a seminar workshop entitled, “Writing for Change: pursuing social science in times of transition in Nepal" at Yala Maya Kendra, Patan as organised by Southasia Institute of Advance Studies, SIAS with the valuable support of British Academy, the University of Edinburgh, The University of Melbourne and University of New South Wales.
The program was scheduled to start at 9:30 and indeed commenced nick in the time. The icebreaking was done by respected Netra Timsina. He mastered the ceremony and moderated the whole program. The program was broadly subdivided into three major blocks; 

Writing for Science, 
Writing for Policy and 
Writing for Media. 

Each section was guided by experts and flavored by the feedback, comments, queries and suggestions from the participants.
We had a panel of expert to talk with their respective presentations for each section. We got to hear valuable words from Dr. K. K. Shrestha, Andrea Nightingale and Hari Sharma under Writing for science section. Similarly we had Dr. Hemant Ojha and Ajay Dixit for Writing for policy section and likewise writer Jhalak Subedi and columnist Deepak Thapa for Writing for Media.
Dr. K. K. Shrestha started with detailed informative presentation (here) on how to write for science, how to collect literature reviews and concise a whole story into a well trimmed and framed abstract. Andrea Nightingale followed the Dr. Shrestha with an interesting presentation (here) again on technical paper writing. She pin pointed the hindrance on writing in the context of Nepal and yet how to write in way that is both accessible and high valued academically. Mr. Hari Sharma came up with an inspirational talk about our commitments and motivations we need for paper writing and savoring it. Dr. Hemant Ojha then presented a presentation(here) of Writing for policy where he discussed if the science writing is contributing to debate and further on policy issues.
Technical writing is not as easy cake to have but a mountain to climb. A good writing must never lack coherence, it must address the stakeholders whom it is meant for and try to persuade them into the main issue. A literature review we make for any scientific paper(we also call it journal writing or technical paper) provides us a rationale to what we do. It gives us the basis of our research work. A literature review provides a nexus on what has been done and what should further be done, thereby gives us an idea for the whole research work and the subsequent paper on the research. There is no single silver bullet or capsule that defines a formula about how to write; styles differ from place to place and many times from author to author. Any writing how different it might be in the way of presentation must however always be critically oriented, relevant and focused on the issue, up to date and based on logistics ground. Assurance of quality tuned up with discipline and minimum distraction is a must for any robust scientific writing.
A writing should be simple, clear and luring to all. It must be able to explain the issues crystal clear even to grannies who have the minimum idea about what is happening around. At the same time the writing must also be able to address the hunger of peers, meeting their standard of knowledge. This balancing act is one of the greatest challenges of any technical paper writing. Talking about the challenges and hindrance of writing in context of Nepal where we people face the problem of power outage for more than 12 hours a day(ie half of the day we are blank), the condition gets aggravated by having no timely access to the journals and papers from around the globe. Not to miss another big issue about researches and writing papers is fund. We get paid in the form of salaries for doing nothing but drinking tea and reading newspapers at office but we hardly get paid to conduct our researches. This demotivates people form research and writing papers.
Talking about writing for media, this has a slight different scenario where media write ups have low life span verses journal articles which live long in form of peer reviews. Media based articles are long and descriptive unlike scientific articles. Mainly written for two major reasons; policy lobbying and for mass consumption, any article must be very reader friendly and in fact must lure its reader to read ahead. “Do you have something to say what people would like to know?” is an important question in any media based article. No articles ought to be engaged in personal attacks but indeed need to attack the ideas for sure and must never top down its audiences at all. Audiences must always be ranked higher while addressing. Articles for media should be in the form of storytelling rather than pushed display of charts, graphs or numbers. Very few readers would love to decode complex numbers, data and facts. 
In context of Nepal, where we have plethora of media houses working, it adds us more room to write and provides us ample opportunities to hone ours writing skill. It is just a matter of clicking the space in right time which can be grasped with commitment and discipline we show in our writings.

Lets write...  



Tuesday, January 21, 2014

We, Water and Agriculture

20th Jan, 2014

It was lunch hour when I got a piece of information about a talk show going on at Nepal Art Council, BabarMahal, Kathmandu as organised by ICIMOD. I learnt that I had missed a talk program on Climate Change, a topic which I am always keenly interested in, conducted on Jan 19th. I also came to know that the talk program for today was entitled “Water in Mid Hill, Nepal” which I particularly did not want to miss. For last couple days or so I was working on a paper “Water Stress on Agroforestry, An insights from Australia, India and Nepal” which has in fact rocketed my enthusiasm about the Water topic. The program was set to kick start at 1500 hours.
Reached on time and grabbed a chair, I was waiting with a bated breath for the program to start. The program was mainly focused on 3 speakers viz; Dr Aditi Mukherji, Theme Leader, Water and Air, ICIMOD, Mr Dipak Gyawali, Chair, Nepal Water Conservation Foundation and Mr Lokendra Yakha, Farmer, Eastern Nepal.
The program started with a short pictorial slideshow followed by presentation of Dr. Mukherjii where she shared her findings about the condition of water stress in Lalitpur district. We were both entertained and startled by the scenario description of rural Dhankuta village by Mr. Yakha. A delightful comments and views from audience, moderation and facilitation by Gyawali sir and at last but never the least experience sharing from 3 focal farmers from 3 different rural areas added spices in the program.
Nepal is one of the most water rich country. Paradoxically, the majority of people in the country face serious shortage of potable water and decline in water table being another burning issue. As water table goes down, the access to water becomes cumbersome. Additionally presence of toxic elements like Arsenic has made water less potable. Surface water is also at great risk. With only 27% of population in Nepal having access to basic sanitation, polluted waterways are causing number of water borne disease like cholera, typhoid and dysentery.


Water in Kathmandu
What we look for when we look a good flat or house to buy in Kathmandu? The first answer will always be “water”. Having a good access to water is something that is desirable and moreover a need in Kathmandu valley. It has also become a matter of pride and glamor. If we see the demand in the valley, its 350 million liters per day while the supply is just 90 million litres per day during dry season and 150 million liters per day during wet season reports say. This huge gap between the supply and demand clearly shows the status of water availability in Kathmandu Valley. 
Every Drop Counts!


Lets think about it...

Here is one easier solution. If we can reuse the water and to be more precise use water more judiciously, there is in fact no shortage of water. Experts claim Kathmandu that receives approximately 1200 mm of rainfall annually should never be under water shortage but is. If we can harvest rainwater in pond and other reservoirs, we can have enough water three times more in the fraction of cost of that Melamchi Project.

(Should we not think about it too?)

Rainwater harvest can be the best solution for water problem in Kathmandu valley. If we calculate the number of underground and overhead tanks, we have storage capacity exceeding Kulekhani reservoir itself says Mr. Gyawali. So why are we not storing water that comes for free during monsoon and save some money that we spend to buy water during winter? Need to think about it too...

Water and Agriculture
Agriculture has supported livelihoods of millions of people around the world, but is now under real threat of losing its productivity and impacts due mainly to a range of water issues. Water stress has become a key challenge in agriculture in the context of climate change. Increasing diversion of water from rural agriculture to urban and industrial use, and a growing climate change induced stress on the flow and seasonal distribution of water in the agricultural landscape are two major woes of agriculture. As a result, the issue of availability of, and access to, water has thus become urgent in agriculture development.

The case of rural village in Dhankuta 

Agriculture, Agroforestry, Livelihood and in fact whole society is under real peril as a result of water stress. In case of rural village of Dhankuta, people are really facing a grave problem of water stress as a result many are migrating from one place to another in search of adequate water. After all Water is life. People there receive water only on alternate days and have reported that they have just one kuwa for two wards. They have to walk miles for hours and then again wait for hours sometimes days to get water access. They have to move to river for washing clothes and other household activities which is really time consuming and thus making life difficult.
Mr. Yakha, a farmer from rural Dhankuta claims about the decline of water source since the infamous earthquake of 2045 BS. That can be very true on account of tremors affecting the underground water table. Moreover people are indiscriminately chopping down the woods which causes the imbalance in hydrological cycle. Also to add the woes, the constructions of roads haphazardly has surely disturbed the water table. He also adds emphasis on the need of afforestation to revive the declining water source. The scarcity of water has hit agriculture the most, subsequently poor and marginalized farmers being hit in a chain.

The main thing is..

We can see that people are being disrespectful to water, that is why we face water shortage. Otherwise dwelling in country that is claimed to be the second richest in water source, how come we face a grave problem of water in both agriculture and living? Lets stop being polite, people are in fact being criminally disrespectful to water use.
We are taking out more than what we give in. Should we not think about judicious and smart water use rather than smart and witty capture? 
A dollar saved is a dollar earned. This implies in water too. A cup of water saved is a cup was water earned! Lets think about saving water. Lets think about agriculture practices that are more water smart. With changing climate, farmers got to be climate smart vis-a-vis water smart. Vegetable farming and high value crops can be made responsive to water stress by the incorporation of technical innovations and inventions like drip irrigation method and others which simultaneously addresses water problem and increase income generation.
Lets take an example; In Murray-Darling basin, Australia the government is ‘buying-back’ water previously given to farmers to increase the flow of ‘environmental water’ in the river. Farmers are shifting to cattle ranching away from water intensive cultivation practices. In Rupandehi, Nepal as water table is going down and farmers face increasing costs to extract water needed for rice-wheat system, they are switching to various cash crops,banana farming and other vegetable farming. 
Current agricultural researches and policy failing to recognize the inevitable effects of water stress on agriculture in a changing climate is another vital issue.

(There is, we believe, no silver bullet here that provides a ready made solution. Rather the search for solutions is an experimental one. Agricultural scientific research is an essential part of this but too must engage appropriately.) 
just a tip of iceberg!

Tuesday, January 7, 2014

A Brief insight of National Agriculture Census 2011/12


Despite a common and strong belief among all and sundry that agriculture is unpopular and is blue colored job, Nepal has added nearly half million new farming households in last 10 years from 2001-2011. The increase in farming household has been claimed in National Agriculture Census 2011/12, CBS.

What does this suggest? (Lets think)

According to the report, there are 3.831 million farming household in country with 2.525 million hectares of agricultural land. The average size of holding being 0.68 ha as compared to 0.80 ha in 2001/02. Morang, Jhapa, Sarlahi, Siraha and Sunsari are top 5 districts based on agriculture area while Manang, Mustang, Dolpa, Rasuwa and Humla are last 5 districts.

 Farming sector has been reported to employ 20.55 million people out of national population of 26.49 million contributing 38% (approx) in National GDP. The participation of female number to head the household jumped 19% in 2011/12 from 8.1% in last census.

The irrigation coverage has reached 53.14% of total land holdings; rivers/lakes/Ponds accounts 48% of irrigation system, tube wells and borings accounts 30%, dams and reservoirs with 16% and others accounting 6%. Bara has largest area under irrigation that is 92% followed by Rautahat(92%), Sunsari (90%), Kailali (90%) and Kanchanpur(89%).

More importantly, about 60% of farm households have reported that their annual production not sufficient to the meet the annual food consumption(In case like this how can agriculture be a glorified job).

As matter of farm mechanization; 22.04% use tractor, 20.96% use thresher and 28.01 % still use conventional iron plow.


Only 21.8% of household in the country have access to agri loans. It has been reported that 37% borrow from relatives, 17% from cooperatives, 14% from womens group, 13% from ADB, 10% from Farmers Group, and 9% from Financial Institutions.

Potato
Spice crops
Oil seed crops
Other cash crops
Dolkha
Illam
Dang
Sarlahi
Kavre
Makwanpur
Nawalparasi
Sunsari
Illam
Morang
Chitwan
Rautahat
Bara
Sunsari
Rupandehi
Mahottari
Jhapa
Jhapa
Morang
Nawalparasi
Table: Top 5 districts with maximum area under different crops

For pdf version of  detailed National Agriculture Census 2011/12 click here and click here